The brain is arguably the most important organ in the human body. It controls and coordinates actions and reactions, allows us to think and feel, and enables us to have memories and feelings—all the things that make us human.
While the brain only weighs about three pounds, it is a highly complex organ made up of many parts. Years of scientific study have made it possible for scientists to identify the various areas of the brain and determine their specific functions. The following information provides a brief description of some of the major parts of the human brain.
The Cranium: Covering of the Brain
The brain is protected by a bony covering called the cranium. The cranium and the bones of the face make up the skull. Inside the cranium, the brain is surrounded by three layers of tissue called the meninges. The meninges include:
- Pia mater: The layer closest to the surface of the brain
- Arachnoid membrane: The middle layer of tissue
- Dura mater: The outer-most layer
The Cerebrum: Front Part of the Brain
The largest part of the brain, located in the front, is called the cerebrum. The cerebrum is responsible for:
