Depending on the cause, medical and cosmetic treatments may help remove or reduce dark spots on the face. Some people use home remedies to treat dark spots due to hyperpigmentation, though research is limited.
Many dark spots are harmless. However, topical treatments may help a person reduce their appearance.
This article examines dark spots due to hyperpigmentation, including their causes and some treatment options. It will also look at approaches and ingredients people should avoid.
Dark spots on the face can occur if the skin overproduces melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. This is known as hyperpigmentation.
Potential causes of hyperpigmentation include:
- aging
- hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy or menopause
- sun exposure
Skin damage can also cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). People may develop PIH due to:
- acne
- bites, cuts, and burns
- excessive or incorrect hair removal techniques
- ingrown hairs
- harsh skin care products
- scarring from psoriasis or other skin conditions
Hyperpigmentation is not the only cause of dark spots on the face. People should speak with a healthcare professional if they notice any changes to existing moles or dark spots — particularly changes in texture, color, and size.
