Strangers will speak to each other in the formal register of Urdu. The familiar register is only used when talking to friends and young family.
The most common greeting among Pakistanis is “As-Salamu-Alaykum” (‘Peace be upon you’).
Elders are greeted first out of respect.
Well-acquainted men may hug each other upon greeting. However, when greeting strangers, business associates or those of a very different status (i.e. an elder), one usually shakes hands and respectfully places the right hand over the heart afterwards.
Women may kiss each other on both cheeks if they know each other well. Strangers generally meet each other with a handshake.
In more traditional circumstances, men and women will share a verbal greeting but make no physical contact. Business introductions between men and women may involve a handshake if initiated by the women. Physical contact (e.g. hugs, handshakes and kisses) is only considered appropriate between men and women if they are family or close friends.
A Pakistani may simply place their right hand over their heart and give a gentle nod in greeting if they perceive the other person is unaccustomed to being touched.
The traditional greeting towards Hindus or Indians is “Namaste” (‘I greet the god within you’).
Liberal middle class Pakistanis may say “Adab” (‘Respect and politeness’) while lifting a hand to their forehead. This is usually used to greet people over the age of 40.
